Exemplary Weather and Energy (EWE) Index July 2023

The Exemplary Real Time Year weather files (RTYs), current Reference Meteorological Year files (RMYs) and Ersatz Future Meteorological Years (EFMYs) used for these monthly simulations are available for purchase to allow clients to simulate their own designs for energy budgeting and monitoring rather than rely on analogy with the performance of these archetypical buildings and systems. Solar irradiation data courtesy of Solcast.

Archetypical buildings and systems

3-storey office

10-storey office

Supermarket

5kW domestic PV system

ADELAIDE

Energy Index (%)


10-storey		3-storey		Supermarket
Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling
-12	+93	-11	+61	+12	+79
Solar PV
+4.7%

The solar PV simulation output results were 4.7% higher than the long-term average. Heating energy consumption was 39%, 36%, and 32% lower for the 3-storey office, 10-storey office, and the supermarket, respectively. Cooling energy consumption was 20% and 42% higher for the 3-storey and 10-storey offices, respectively, though 46% lower for the supermarket.

Adelaide experienced a comparably humid and warmer July compared to the long-term average. The wind speeds tended to be slightly lower throughout the day, while the GHI tended to be slightly higher.

Weather Index


Temperature (°C)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
+0.4	+0.4	+0.4


Relative Humidity (%pt)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
+6.6	+1.0	-1.4


Daily Sums of GHI (%)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
+7.9	+9.0	+18

BRISBANE

Energy Index (%)


10-storey		3-storey		Supermarket
Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling
-52	+29	-52	+18	-38	+33
Solar PV
-11%

The solar PV simulation output results were 10.9% lower than the long-term average. Heating energy consumption was 33%, 36%, and 12% lower, while cooling energy consumption was 17.5%, 19.9%, and 25.7% higher for the 3-storey office, 10-storey office, and the supermarket, respectively.

Brisbane experienced a comparably humid and warmer July compared to the long-term average. The wind speeds and the GHI were lower.

Weather Index


Temperature (°C)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
+1.6	+1.4	+1.0


Relative Humidity (%pt)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
+3.4	+0.2	-2.4


Daily Sums of GHI (%)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
+24	-8.3	-1.8

CANBERRA

Energy Index (%)


10-storey		3-storey		Supermarket
Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling
-21	+304	-23	+250	-15	N.A.
Solar PV
+21%

The solar PV simulation output results were 21.2% higher than the long-term average. Cooling energy consumption was 72% higher for the 3-storey office, and 86% lower for the 10-storey office.

Canberra experienced a comparably humid and warmer July compared to the long-term average. The wind speeds and the GHI were notably higher.

Weather Index


Temperature (°C)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
-0.1	+1.2	+2.5


Relative Humidity (%pt)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
-2.8	+0.8	+3.2


Daily Sums of GHI (%)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
+19	+18	+1.9

DARWIN

Energy Index (%)


10-storey		3-storey		Supermarket
Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling
N.A.	+9.6	N.A.	+8.5	N.A.	+13
Solar PV
-7.8%

The solar PV simulation output results were 7.8% lower than the long-term average. Cooling peak load was 2.3% and 2.6% lower for the 3-storey and 10-storey offices, respectively.

Darwin experienced a slightly more humid and warmer July compared to the long-term average. The wind speeds and the GHI were lower.

Weather Index


Temperature (°C)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
+1.4	+1.0	+0.4


Relative Humidity (%pt)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
+6.0	+0.3	-4.6


Daily Sums of GHI (%)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
-25	-5.9	-2.0

HOBART

Energy Index (%)


10-storey		3-storey		Supermarket
Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling
-62	+113	-62	+106	-46	N.A.
Solar PV
+0.0%

The solar PV simulation output results were the same as the long-term average. Heating energy consumption was 27% lower for the 3-storey office and the supermarket, and 24% lower for the 10-storey office. Cooling energy consumption was 64% and 59% higher for the 3-storey and 10-storey offices, respectively.

Hobart experienced a less humid and warmer July compared to the long-term average. The wind speeds and the GHI were higher.

Weather Index


Temperature (°C)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
+2.1	+2.0	+2.1


Relative Humidity (%pt)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
-4.5	-5.7	-6.3


Daily Sums of GHI (%)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
+17	+6.8	-2.0

MELBOURNE

Energy Index (%)


10-storey		3-storey		Supermarket
Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling
-15	+6	-13	+11	+33	-100
Solar PV
+7.8%

The solar PV simulation output results were 7.8% higher than the long-term average. Heating energy consumption was 41% and 33% higher for the 3-storey and 10-storey offices, respectively. Cooling energy consumption was 100% lower for the supermarket.

Melbourne experienced a comparably humid and warmer July compared to the long-term average. The wind speeds tended to be lower throughout the day, while the GHI was higher.

Weather Index


Temperature (°C)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
+0.5	+0.6	+0.7


Relative Humidity (%pt)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
+1.0	+1.3	+2.2


Daily Sums of GHI (%)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
+6.5	+8.2	+2.4

PERTH

Energy Index (%)


10-storey		3-storey		Supermarket
Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling
-27	+33	-27	+22	-30	+75
Solar PV
+6.2%

The solar PV simulation output results were 6.2% higher than the long-term average. Heating energy consumption was 35%, 34%, and 27% lower, while cooling energy consumption was 19%, 54.3%, and 10.6% higher for the 3-storey office, 10-storey office, and the supermarket, respectively.

Perth experienced a comparably humid and warmer July compared to the long-term average. The wind speeds were higher and the GHI was comparable.

Weather Index


Temperature (°C)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
+2.0	+1.0	+0.7


Relative Humidity (%pt)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
+3.0	-0.2	-4.0


Daily Sums of GHI (%)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
-12	-0.5	-3.0

SYDNEY

Energy Index (%)


10-storey		3-storey		Supermarket
Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling
-33	+100	-31	+74	-24	+121
Solar PV
+13%

The solar PV simulation output results were 12.8% higher than the long-term average. Heating energy consumption was around 18% lower for all archetypes. Cooling energy consumption was 32%, 34%, and 17% higher for the 3-storey office, 10-storey office, and supermarket, respectively.

Perth experienced a relatively more humid and warmer July compared to the long-term average. The wind speeds and the GHI were higher.

Weather Index


Temperature (°C)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
+0.7	+1.2	+2.0


Relative Humidity (%pt)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
-1.0	+2.3	+3.5


Daily Sums of GHI (%)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
-16	+9.7	+2.3

Exemplary Weather and Energy (EWE) Index June 2023

Archetypical buildings and systems

3-storey office

10-storey office

Supermarket

5kW domestic PV system

ADELAIDE

BRISBANE

CANBERRA

DARWIN

HOBART

MELBOURNE

PERTH

SYDNEY

ADELAIDE

Adelaide experienced a less humid and warmer June compared to the long-term average. The GHI was lower, and the wind speeds were notably higher.

Weather Index



Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
+2.0	+1.3	+0.4


Relative Humidity (%pt)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
+1.6	-3.8	-4.6


Daily Sums of GHI (%)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
-3.6	-8.3	+0.3

Energy Index (%)


10-storey		3-storey		Supermarket
Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling
-31	+160	-27	+55	-13	+290
Solar PV
-15%

The solar PV simulation output results were 15% lower than the long-term average. All archetypes saw a notable increase in cooling peak loads, and a decrease in heating peak loads. The cooling peak loads were 87%, 214%, and 68% higher for the 3-storey office, 10-storey office, and supermarket, respectively. The heating peak loads were 41%, 48%, and 27% lower for the 3-storey office, 10-storey office, and supermarket, respectively.

BRISBANE

Brisbane experienced a less humid and warmer June compared to the long-term average. The GHI was greater, while the wind speeds were comparable.

Weather Index


Temperature (°C)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
-0.3	+0.3	+0.7


Relative Humidity (%pt)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
-7.4	-7.1	-7.0


Daily Sums of GHI (%)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
+46	+8.7	+2.1

Energy Index (%)


10-storey		3-storey		Supermarket
Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling
-37	+9.3	-37	+7.9	-10	+2.4
Solar PV
+8.3%

The solar PV simulation output results were 8.3% lower than the long-term average. All archetypes saw a decrease in cooling and heating peak loads. The cooling peak loads were 23%, 25%, and 32% lower for the 3-storey office, 10-storey office, and supermarket, respectively. The heating peak loads were 47% lower for the 3-storey and 10-storey offices, and 23% lower for the supermarket.

CANBERRA

Canberra experienced a more humid and warmer June compared to the long-term average. The GHI was comparable, while the wind speeds were significantly higher.

Weather Index


Temperature (°C)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
+1.3	+0.3	-0.3


Relative Humidity (%pt)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
+4.2	+1.7	+1.4


Daily Sums of GHI (%)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
-25	-1.2	+0.6

Energy Index (%)


10-storey		3-storey		Supermarket
Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling
+5.0	-42	+0.0	+3.2	-11	N.A.
Solar PV
+2.3%

The solar PV simulation output results were 2.3% higher than the long-term average. The 3-storey office, 10-storey office, and supermarket each saw a decrease in cooling peak loads, of 11%, 84%, and 16%, respectively. The heating peak load increased most notably by 27% for the 10-storey office.

DARWIN

Darwin experienced a more humid and warmer June compared to the long-term average. The GHI and the wind speeds were lower.

Weather Index


Temperature (°C)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
+1.3	+1.1	+1.1


Relative Humidity (%pt)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
+8.0	+7.3	+7.5


Daily Sums of GHI (%)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
-6.4	-5.7	-4.9

Energy Index (%)


10-storey		3-storey		Supermarket
Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling
N.A.	+24	N.A.	+22	N.A.	+16
Solar PV
-8.1%

The solar PV simulation output results were 8.1% lower than the long-term average. The 3-storey office, 10-storey office, and supermarket each saw a decrease in cooling peak loads, of 19%, 21%, and 1.3%, respectively.

HOBART

Hobart experienced a slightly less humid and warmer June compared to the long-term average. The GHI was signficantly higher, and the wind speeds also tended to be higher.

Weather Index


Temperature (°C)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
+1.2	+1.3	+1.6


Relative Humidity (%pt)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
-1.7	-2.4	-1.3


Daily Sums of GHI (%)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
+11	+20	+6.1

Energy Index (%)


10-storey		3-storey		Supermarket
Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling
-41	N.A.	-40	N.A.	-21	N.A.
Solar PV
+13%

The solar PV simulation output results were 13% higher than the long-term average. The 3-storey office and 10-storey office saw a notable increase in cooling peak loads of 106% and 113%, respectively. The heating peak loads were 25% lower for the 3-storey and 10-storey offices, and 19% lower for the supermarket.

MELBOURNE

Melbourne experienced a similarly humid and warmer June compared to the long-term average. The GHI and the wind speeds were higher.

Weather Index


Temperature (°C)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
+0.9	+0.7	+0.7


Relative Humidity (%pt)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
+0.1	+0.7	-0.6


Daily Sums of GHI (%)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
-29	-0.3	-3.5

Energy Index (%)


10-storey		3-storey		Supermarket
Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling
-8.4	+29	-10	+28	+25	N.A.
Solar PV
-4.7%

The solar PV simulation output results were 4.7% lower than the long-term average. The 3-storey office and 10-storey office saw an increase in cooling peak loads of 14% and 24%, respectively, and the supermarket saw a decrease in cooling peak load of 100%. The heating peak loads were 32%, 36%, and 26% lower for the 3-storey office, 10-storey office, and supermarket, respectively.

PERTH

Perth experienced a notably more humid and cooler June compared to the long-term average. The GHI was higher and the wind speeds were lower.

Weather Index


Temperature (°C)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
-2.2	-1.6	-1.2


Relative Humidity (%pt)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
+6.3	+6.0	+6.1


Daily Sums of GHI (%)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
-11	+11	+4.8

Energy Index (%)


10-storey		3-storey		Supermarket
Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling
+78	-38	+69	-19	+53	-68
Solar PV
+7.1%

The solar PV simulation output results were 7.1% higher than the long-term average. All archetypes saw a decrease in cooling peak loads and an increase in heating peak loads. For the 3-storey office, 10-storey office, and supermarket, the cooling peak loads were 32%, 50%, and 70% lower, respectively, and the heating peak loads were 21%, 23%, and 15% higher, respectively.

SYDNEY

Sydney experienced a less humid and warmer June compared to the long-term average. The GHI was significantly higher, and the wind speeds tended to be higher.

Weather Index


Temperature (°C)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
-0.3	+0.0	+0.9


Relative Humidity (%pt)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
-4.7	-4.3	-2.9


Daily Sums of GHI (%)
Mean Min	Mean Avg	Mean Max
-8.7	+14	-0.3

Energy Index (%)


10-storey		3-storey		Supermarket
Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling	Heating	Cooling
-24	+110	-22	+67	+14	+62
Solar PV
+15%

The solar PV simulation output results were 15% higher than the long-term average. The 3-storey office, 10-storey office, and supermarket each saw a decrease in cooling peak loads, of 37%, 49%, and 22%, respectively.

Call for Abstracts – 2023 APSRC Conference

Exemplary Energy invites fellow researchers and professionals from across the region to submit their abstracts for the 2023 Asia-Pacific Solar Research Conference (APSRC). Organised by the Australian Photovoltaic Institute (APVI) from the 5th to 7th of December at RMIT in Melbourne, the conference serves as an essential platform for the dissemination of solar-related research.

From PV devices, solar heating & cooling, concentrating solar thermal to deployment & integration, and solar fuels and chemistry, APSRC provides a comprehensive forum. The conference is themed “information, communication and integration,” offering a unique opportunity to share knowledge and network with leading innovators from industry and research institutions.

The conference is structured into four academic streams: Photovoltaic Devices, Renewable Energy Deployment & Integration, Solar Buildings and Solar Heating & Cooling, and Concentrating Solar Thermal & Process Heat and Chemistry. Researchers are encouraged to submit their extended abstracts for peer-review within these streams. Exemplary Energy will be submitting its latest work for peer review and ultimate dissemination as it has over many years.

Exemplary Energy is once again supporting student talent at ASPRC2023 by supporting three awards to the finest student researchers based on the quality of the extended abstract and the oral presentation or poster:

Co-funding the Wal Read Memorial Award for Best Student Poster;
Sponsoring the John Ballinger Award for Best Buildings-related Student Poster or Presentation; and
Sponsoring the Monica Oliphant Prize for Best Female Student Poster.

Exemplary Energy at Ideaction.23

We are pleased to share that both of our offered abstracts have been accepted for presentation in the form of posters at the upcoming Ideaction.23, the Facility Management Association of Australia (FMA)’s national conference from Monday to Wednesday 4-6 September 2023 at The Star Gold Coast:

Precipitation Data for enhanced Facility Management: A Novel Approach using Machine Learning

This presentation investigates the accurate simulation of moisture-related issues in buildings, such as excessive dampness and mould growth, and their significant structural, economic, and health impacts, using software like WUFI. Given the limitations of the current Australian National Construction Code (NCC) in providing adequate climate zoning for hygrothermal risk assessment, our research in collaboration with the AIRAH STG on Building Physics and the University of Tasmania’s School of Architecture and Design, provides weather and climate data in industry-standard formats but with precipitation data (mostly rainfall) in those hourly formats. Where the Bureau of Meteorology (BOM) does not have hourly precipitation data – that’s most locations before 2000 and many even now – our research offers a novel approach using machine learning to disaggregate daily precipitation data where needed. This approach improves the characterisation of Australian climates, providing facility managers with better information for moisture management, mould control, and water penetration prevention. Attendees will gain an understanding of how accurate climate data can contribute to healthier indoor environments, cost reduction, and the development of tailored construction standards and design guidelines to tackle moisture-related issues in buildings.

Improving Australian Weather and Climate Data Services

This presentation details the importance of accurate weather and climate data in efficiently designing and managing thermal and hygrothermal systems in Facility Management. The discussion highlights our innovative approach for performance monitoring, which benchmarks metered performance against simulated archetypes under Real-Time Year (RTY) weather and historical average (climate RMY) conditions. For added precision, we provide the actual RTYs to allow calibrated simulation of actual buildings in both the design and operational stages of any project. This unique perspective on building performance and energy efficiency allows for better-informed decision-making. This presentation will shed light on our recent enhancements to Australian weather and climate data services, which, by integrating satellite-derived solar resources and terrestrial observations, can offer more reliable results for energy, thermal and hygrothermal system design and management.

Given the high number of submissions this year, it is notable that our abstracts were selected for poster presentations. We appreciate the opportunity to share our research and findings with our peers in the industry through the poster session.

Further updates will follow as we prepare for the conference.